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Animal Tool Behavior - Benjamin B. Beck - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Animal Tool Behavior - Benjamin B. Beck - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

This revised and updated edition of the landmark publication reveals the current state of knowledge regarding animal tool behavior. When originally published in 1980, Animal Tool Behavior was the first volume to catalog and analyze the complete literature on tool use and manufacture in non-human animals. Benjamin B. Beck showed how animals—from insects to primates—employed different types of tools to solve numerous problems. This work inspired and energized legions of researchers to study the use of tools by a wide variety of species. This new edition reveals the current state of knowledge regarding animal tool behavior, updated and revised with 300 additional references that have been published since the second edition. Through a comprehensive synthesis of studies produced through 2023, Robert W. Shumaker, Kristina R. Walkup, and Benjamin B. Beck define tool use, discuss the modes of tool use that have emerged in the scientific literature, examine all forms of tool manufacture, and address common myths about non-human tool use. Specific examples involving invertebrates, birds, fish, and mammals describe the differing levels of sophistication of tool use exhibited by animals. This volume provides a thorough framework for understanding animal tool use and manufacture.

DKK 613.00
1

Report Cards - Wade H. Morris - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Report Cards - Wade H. Morris - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

The definitive history of the report card. Report cards represent more than just an account of academic standing and attendance. The report card also serves as a tool of control and as a microcosm for the shifting power dynamics among teachers, parents, school administrators, and students. In Report Cards: A Cultural History, Wade H. Morris tells the story of American education by examining the history of this unique element of student life. In the nearly two hundred-year evolution of the report card, this relic of academic bookkeeping reflected broader trends in the United States: the republican zealotry and religious fervor of the antebellum period, the failed promises of postwar Reconstruction for the formerly enslaved, the changing gender roles in newly urbanized cities, the overreach of the Progressive child-saving movement in the early twentieth century, and—by the 1930s—the increasing faith in an academic meritocracy. The use of report cards expanded with the growth of school bureaucracies, becoming a tool through which administrators could surveil both student activity and teachers. And by the late twentieth century, even the most radical critics of numerical reporting of children have had to compromise their ideals. Morris traces the evolution of how teachers, students, parents, and administrators have historically responded to report cards. From a western New York classroom teacher in the 1830s and a Georgia student in the 1870s who was born enslaved, to a Colorado student incarcerated in the early 1900s and the son of Russian-Jewish immigrants applying to college in the 1930s, Report Cards describes how generations of people have struggled to maintain dignity within a system that reduces children to numbers on slips of paper.

DKK 303.00
1

Tackle Football and Traumatic Brain Injuries - Daniel S. Goldberg - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Tackle Football and Traumatic Brain Injuries - Daniel S. Goldberg - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

A timely look at the ethical, legal, and policy issues surrounding brain injury and collision sports. American tackle football is an industry like any other. And like many industries, it sells a product that is dangerous to those who use it—or, in this case, those who play it. In Tackle Football and Traumatic Brain Injuries, Daniel S. Goldberg explores the connections among traumatic brain injury, collision sports, and the industry's continuing efforts to manufacture doubt. Focusing especially on youths and adolescents—the most vulnerable population that comprises over 99% of tackle football players in the US—Goldberg addresses the ethical and social implications of their participation in tackle football. Goldberg discusses the true scope of the danger and the costs to society and individuals of caring for injured participants. If these risks were to become widespread public knowledge, the profitability and perhaps even the viability of American football would be at risk. As the tackle football industry has consistently worked to mask the health hazards involved in playing football, it has used a particular tool that has proved highly effective in achieving this subterfuge: the manufacture of doubt. Goldberg advocates for using public health laws as a tool for countering these efforts at obfuscation, and he outlines specific policy proposals intended to address the population health and ethical problems presented by tackle football. The book draws on public health ethics, public health law, and the histories of occupational and public health to assess the limits of parental choice to expose their children to risks of injury. Should kids play tackle football at all—and who decides if they should? Goldberg offers practical answers to these critical legal, ethical, and social questions. Chris Nowinski, former Harvard football player and WWE wrestler, provides a timely and insider's perspective on these critical issues in the foreword.

DKK 308.00
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The College Stress Test - Robert (university Of Pennsylvania) Zemsky - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

The College Stress Test - Robert (university Of Pennsylvania) Zemsky - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Provides an insightful analysis of the market stresses that threaten the viability of some of America's colleges and universities while delivering a powerful predictive tool to measure an institution's risk of closure. In The College Stress Test, Robert Zemsky, Susan Shaman, and Susan Campbell Baldridge present readers with a full, frank, and informed discussion about college and university closures. Drawing on the massive institutional data set available from IPEDS (the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), they build a stress test for estimating the market viability of more than 2,800 undergraduate institutions. They examine four key variables—new student enrollments, net cash price, student retention, and major external funding—to gauge whether an institution is potentially at risk of considering closure or merging with another school. They also assess student body demographics to see which students are commonly served by institutions experiencing market stress. The book's appendix includes a powerful do-it-yourself tool that institutions can apply, using their own IPEDS data, to understand their level of risk. The book's underlying statistical analysis makes clear that closings will not be nearly as prevalent as many prognosticators are predicting and will in fact impact relatively few students. The authors argue that just 10 percent or fewer of the nation's colleges and universities face substantial market risk, while 60 percent face little or no market risk. The remaining 30 percent of institutions, the authors find, are bound to struggle. To thrive, the book advises, these schools will need to reconsider the curricula they deliver, the prices they charge, and their willingness to experiment with new modes of instruction. The College Stress Test provides an urgently needed road map at a moment when the higher education terrain is shifting. Those interested in and responsible for the fate of these institutions will find in this book a clearly defined set of risk indicators, a methodology for monitoring progress over time, and an evidence-based understanding of where they reside in the landscape of institutional risk.

DKK 361.00
1

Questions - Pia Lauritzen - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Questions - Pia Lauritzen - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

A short but engaging look at how questions shape our thinking. Why do we ask questions? In Questions, Pia Lauritzen explores the philosophy behind questions and probes how they function as both a development tool and a bridge to understanding. She speculates that the question is the essential characteristic that distinguishes human beings from animals and that it is the key to understanding why we think and act as we do. Basic human phenomena like surprise and doubt, ignorance and curiosity–which all articulate a questioning mode of dealing with the world–may well be the reason why human beings developed language. Yet the diverse ways that different languages and cultures treat questions reflects and reinforces crucial cultural differences. Ultimately, Lauritzen argues, the question is the key to understanding the inner logic that links all major themes in the history of Western philosophy. In Reflections, a series copublished with Denmark's Aarhus University Press, scholars deliver 60-page reflections on key concepts. These books present unique insights on a wide range of topics that entertain and enlighten readers with exciting discoveries and new perspectives.

DKK 118.00
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Ending Medical Reversal - Vinayak K. Prasad - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Ending Medical Reversal - Vinayak K. Prasad - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Why medicine adopts ineffective or harmful medical practices only to abandon them—sometimes too late. Medications such as Vioxx and procedures such as vertebroplasty for back pain are among the medical "advances" that turned out to be dangerous or useless. What Dr. Vinayak K. Prasad and Dr. Adam S. Cifu call medical reversal happens when doctors start using a medication, procedure, or diagnostic tool without a robust evidence base—and then stop using it when it is found not to help, or even to harm, patients. In Ending Medical Reversal, Drs. Prasad and Cifu narrate fascinating stories from every corner of medicine to explore why medical reversals occur, how they are harmful, and what can be done to avoid them. They explore the difference between medical innovations that improve care and those that only appear to be promising. They also outline a comprehensive plan to reform medical education, research funding and protocols, and the process for approving new drugs that will ensure that more of what gets done in doctors' offices and hospitals is truly effective.

DKK 251.00
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Building Healthy Communities through Medical-Religious Partnerships - Panagis Galiatsatos - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Building Healthy Communities through Medical-Religious Partnerships - Panagis Galiatsatos - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

How can religious and health care organizations work together to create community-based health care programs?Because health care works best when patients assume greater responsibility for their own health, community outreach and patient education are essential. But where can health care organizations find the resources to educate large numbers of people about chronic diseases? How can they tailor programs to meet the needs of increasingly diverse communities? And how can they reach people who have no ties to the health care system? Building Healthy Communities through Medical-Religious Partnerships presents an innovative approach to community-based health education and patient advocacy programs targeted at the prevention and management of disease. Offering valuable guidance for religious and medical leaders interested in developing programs in their congregations and communities, the book includes practical and accessible information for establishing health education programs, identifies additional resources that can be obtained from local and national organizations, and discusses a range of medical topics. It also outlines how to train volunteers to assist others in navigating our complex health system. This latest edition, which has been thoroughly revised and updated, incorporates• new chapters on medical topics across the lifespan, including lung disease, kidney disease, and child and adolescent health issues;• a thorough assessment of medical-religious partnerships that have emerged over the past twenty-five years; and• a user-friendly website with downloadable resources—including an instructor's guide, PowerPoint slides, and ready-made handouts.

DKK 273.00
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Honey Bee Social Evolution - Keith S. Delaplane - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Honey Bee Social Evolution - Keith S. Delaplane - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

What the honey bee can teach us about evolution—and ourselves. How did the honey bee evolve into the complex colonial species that exists today—and what does its evolution have to teach us about our own species? In Honey Bee Social Evolution, entomologist Keith Delaplane uses the humble but charismatic honey bee as a model of social evolution to highlight the many parallels a social insect colony shares with humans and other organisms. Delaplane shows how social processes drive evolution—for honey bee colonies, humans, and other animals. Each chapter spotlights a honey bee colony-level function such as group-level reproduction, task differentiation among cells, group decision-making, social immunity, defense behavior, senescence, anarchy, cancer, and more—all with stunning parallels to those of other organisms. These vivid comparisons, grounded in a practical context, emphasize how natural selection uses a common tool kit to solve similar problems across lineages. By revealing the complex hive of similarities between the honey bee's society and our own, Delaplane hopes to instill an ethos of solidarity with all organic life. The honey bee colony shows how evolution is more than selfish "survival of the fittest," but equally a story of the success of cooperation and altruism.

DKK 574.00
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Putting a Name to It - Annemarie Jutel - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Putting a Name to It - Annemarie Jutel - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Outlines how the social dimensions of medical diagnosis can deepen our understanding of health. Diagnosis is central to medicine. It creates order, explains illness, identifies treatments, and predicts outcomes. In Putting a Name to It, Annemarie Jutel presents medical diagnosis as more than a mere clinical tool, but as a social phenomenon with the potential to deepen our understanding of health, illness, and disease. Jutel outlines how the sociology of diagnosis should function by situating it within the broader discipline, laying out the directions it should explore, and discussing how the classification of illness and the framing of diagnosis relate to social status and order. This second edition provides important updates to the groundbreaking first edition by incorporating new research that demonstrates how the social nature of diagnosis is just as important as the clinical. It includes new perspectives on diagnostic recognition, diagnostic coding, lay diagnosis, crowdsourced diagnosis, algorithmic diagnosis, diagnostic exploitation, diagnostic systems, stigmatizing diagnosis, and contested diagnosis. The new edition also features a case study of COVID-19 from a critical sociological perspective and a new conclusion. Both a challenge and a call to arms, Putting a Name to It is a lucid, persuasive argument for formalizing, professionalizing, and advancing long-standing practice. Jutel's innovative, open approach and engaging arguments illustrate how diagnoses have the power to legitimize our medical ailments—and stigmatize them.

DKK 401.00
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Wired Wilderness - Etienne Benson - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Wired Wilderness - Etienne Benson - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

American wildlife biologists first began fitting animals with radio transmitters in the 1950s. By the 1980s the practice had proven so useful to scientists and nonscientists alike that it became global. Wired Wilderness is the first book-length study of the origin, evolution, use, and impact of these now-commonplace tracking technologies. Combining approaches from environmental history, the history of science and technology, animal studies, and the cultural and political history of the United States, Etienne Benson traces the radio tracking of wild animals across a wide range of institutions, regions, and species and in a variety of contexts. He explains how hunters, animal-rights activists, and other conservation-minded groups gradually turned tagging from a tool for control into a conduit for connection with wildlife. Drawing on extensive archival research, interviews with wildlife biologists and engineers, and in-depth case studies of specific conservation issues—such as the management of deer, grouse, and other game animals in the upper Midwest and the conservation of tigers and rhinoceroses in Nepal—Benson illuminates telemetry''s context-dependent uses and meanings as well as commonalities among tagging practices. Wired Wilderness traces the evolution of the modern wildlife biologist’s field practices and shows how the intense interest of nonscientists at once constrained and benefited the field. Scholars of and researchers involved in wildlife management will find this history both fascinating and revealing.

DKK 494.00
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Working with Families of Psychiatric Inpatients - Alison M. Heru - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Working with Families of Psychiatric Inpatients - Alison M. Heru - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Working with the families of inpatients is one of the most important—and most challenging—aspects of practicing clinical psychiatry. Clinicians are responsible not only for the well-being of their patients but also for the education and guidance of the patient’s family. In this book, Alison M. Heru and Laura M. Drury offer a step-by-step guide to developing the skills needed to work successfully with patients’ families. Research data, outlined in the opening chapters, demonstrate just how essential families and evidence-based family treatment are to effective patient care. Succeeding chapters use clinical case studies to illustrate the skills necessary for the assessment and treatment of the family. Psychiatric residents will enhance their knowledge of the family as a part of the patient’s social context and learn how to conduct a family meeting, common mistakes to avoid, and when to refer the family for other assistance. The authors also describe specific strategies for intervening with difficult families and for overcoming some of the fears and anxieties common among residents when they interact with patients’ families. The authors provide valuable insights into the perspectives of families and patients and offer practical suggestions for risk management after the patient is discharged from inpatient care. Keyed to the requirements articulated by the American College of Graduate Medical Education, this handbook is a tool no psychiatric resident can do without.

DKK 242.00
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Just Code - - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

Just Code - - Bog - Johns Hopkins University Press - Plusbog.dk

How code shapes power and inequality across technology, governance, and global political economies. Code—whether software routines, legal frameworks, or informal social norms—shapes the world around us in profound and often invisible ways. In Just Code , editors Jeffrey R. Yost and Gerardo Con Díaz bring together a diverse group of scholars to examine how different forms of code both structure and reinforce power dynamics across societies. From algorithmic bias in artificial intelligence to global labor practices, this collection uncovers the hidden mechanisms by which code perpetuates inequality and injustice. This volume explores the connections among technology, governance, and socioeconomic systems to reveal how code is both a tool of control and a product of the power structures it enables. Contributors analyze topics such as platform economies, algorithmic collusion, and labor practices in the tech industry, as well as how systems of representation and communication encode biases that amplify racial, gendered, and economic inequalities. These essays provide a critical lens to understand how code intersects with politics and global cultures of technology production and use. By broadening the concept of "code" to include legal, social, and cultural systems, this collection challenges readers to see beyond the technical and interrogate the structures of power embedded in every layer of modern life. Just Code introduces a new framework for understanding the relationships among information technologies, systemic inequities, and the political economies that sustain them.

DKK 609.00
1